GLP-1 and GIP (semaglutide) are hormones secreted by the gastrointestinal system that play essential roles in regulating glucose metabolism, appetite, and satiety. GLP-1 helps reduce hunger, slows gastric emptying, and increases insulin secretion when blood glucose levels are elevated. GIP also stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. Both these hormones have been studied for their potential therapeutic benefits in managing obesity and related psychological factors.